大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)選詞填空預(yù)測(cè)題
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Worried about what people are saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said.
"As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful," said Jared Piazza of Queen's University in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the (36) of 72 college students who were asked to distribute tokens (代金券) with a monetary value between themselves and someone else.
Half of the group were (37) told their decision would be discussed with a third party.
"Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the third party were (38) more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not (39) to believe that their decisions would be discussed," Piazza and Beringa said in the study published in the journal Human Behavior.
They added that the most (40) strategy from an economic standpoint would have been for a student to (41) all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have (42) their decision.
Although gender did not play a major role in the study, men were slightly more (43) than women.
"Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants," the researchers(44).
A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what they hear through the grapevine even if they have evidence to the(45).
A.added
B.beneficial
C.swayed
D.fabricated
E.reactions
F.made
G.still
H.significantly
I.allocate
J.thought
K.contrary
L.also
M.generous
N.led
O. economical
【參考譯文】
在意別人對(duì)你的看法嗎?研究人員稱，在意別人的流言蜚語(yǔ)會(huì)影響你的行為，包括你的慷慨程度。
北愛爾蘭貝爾法斯特皇后大學(xué)的賈里德·皮亞扎說(shuō)：“事實(shí)證明，流言的力量的確很強(qiáng)大。”
皮亞扎和杰西·M.貝林加讓72名大學(xué)生給自己和其他人分發(fā)具有貨幣價(jià)值的代金券，并對(duì)他們的[36]反應(yīng)進(jìn)行了研究。
這些大學(xué)生中的一半人[37]還被告知他們的分配結(jié)果會(huì)被第三方討論。
皮亞扎和貝林加在發(fā)表于《人類行為》期刊的研究論文中指出：“那些知道分到代金券的人會(huì)將他們的分配結(jié)果告訴第三方的分配者，在分配的時(shí)候比那些未C39]被告知他人將議論這一結(jié)果的分配者[38]明顯要慷慨得多。”
研究人員還補(bǔ)充道，從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度考慮，最[40]有利的分配策略是把所有l(wèi)0張代金券都[41]分給自己，但對(duì)于流言的畏懼似乎[42]影響了他們的決定。
盡管性別差異不是該項(xiàng)研究的重點(diǎn)，但男性比女性還是要略微E43]慷慨一些。
研究人員[44]補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“盡管參與該研究的女性數(shù)量幾乎為男性的兩倍，但平均來(lái)看，男性分給他人的代金券還是要略多于女性。”
此前的一項(xiàng)研究表明，流言比事實(shí)更有威力。這意味著人們更容易相信小道消息，即使他們掌握了實(shí)際上[45]相反的依據(jù)也依然如此。
【說(shuō)明文：對(duì)流言的顧忌會(huì)影響人的行為】
第一至二段：在意別人的流言蜚語(yǔ)會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的行為，而且這種影響力還很強(qiáng)大。
第三至六段：介紹兩位研究人員的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論和分析。
第七至八段：雖然都顧忌流言，但男性總體上還是要比女性更慷慨一些。
第九段：此前的研究表明，流言的威力可能比事實(shí)還要大，因?yàn)槿藗兏敢庀嘈判〉老ⅰ?/p>
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