全國公共英語pets3閱讀理解考前訓練附解析
What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clothing and shelter. To get these necessities on regular basis, a person must have a reliable income. But we have other needs which would probably also be included as basic,such as health and education facilities.
We may think of all of these as our needs.Yet most of us would be far from satisfiedif we had nothing more than these which are supplied for us. We all enjoy extra income to spend on things like books,sports or hobbies. Sometimes we save some of this extra income to pay for future expense of this type on holidays.So we must add our wants to our basic needs.Our standard of living is the degree, to which these needs and wants are satisfied.
But as time goes on, what we think of as our basic needs changes. Twenty years ago a television would have been a luxury, and still is in manycountries now, Even now we cannot say it is a need in the same sense as food, clothing and shelter.Yet if most of the people of a country have one, it comes to be accepted as a need. It is possible therefore to have food, clothing and shelter and still be poor by the standards of our own society.
1.What we need in life is divided into ( )according to this article.
A.the basic necessities and luxury
B.many kinds of need such as food, clothing and houses
C.four groups the basic necessities, luxury, reliable income and future expense
D.the basic necessities and reliable income
2.A person who gets the basic necessities must ( )according to the writer.
A.have a reliable income
B.learn how to please his manager
C.finish his work ahead the time
D.get a good education
3.We all enjoy ( ).
A.having only reliable income
B.having reliable income and extra income
C.having nothing more than food and clothing
D.having nothing more than reliable income
4.With time going on, ( ).
A.a luxury may change into a need which most people want to get
B.the basic needs are getting smaller and smaller
C.a luxury and the basic needs can be exchanged
D.the basic needs can be changed into a luxury
5.If most of the people of a country have a television, we ( ).
A.can say the television is a need in the same sense as food and clothing and shelter
B.can say the television must be in the basic necessities
C.cannot say the television is in the basic necessities
D.can say every family must have one
答案解析：
1.【解析】A
推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段作者舉的例子，基本需求的概念是可以改變的，20年前電視是一種奢侈品，但現在也已經成為了一種生活必需品。可見，在作者看來，有兩種生活需求，一種是生活必需品，另一種就是奢侈品。所以選A.
2.【解析】A
事實細節題。根據文章第一段的第三句，要想持久地得到生活必需品，必須有一份可靠的收入。
3.【解析】B
事實細節題。文章第二段提到，大多數人都不會僅僅滿足于這些基本需要，我們都愿意再有一些額外的收入。所以應選B.
4.【解析】A
推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段所舉的'例子，基本需求的概念是可以改變的，20年前電視是一種奢侈品，但現在也已經成為了一種生活必需品。可見奢侈品可轉化成生活必需品。所以選A.其他選項文章都未提到。
5.【解析】A
事實細節題。根據文章倒數第二句，如果全國大多數人都擁有電視的話，那么電視可視作一種必需品 所以選A.
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