托福考試語法輔導(dǎo)：詞的順序（２）
例題4(1997年8月考題) Unlike fossil fuels, which can be used only once, wind and solar power _____of energy.
(A) for renewable sources
(B) the sources are renewable
(C) are renewable sources
(D) renewable sources
這里，句子的主干應(yīng)該是wind and solar power____ of energy。Unlike fossil fuels表示比較，做狀語。而which引導(dǎo)的從句which can be used only once修飾fossil fuels。我們將4個選項分別代入句子主干的空格中，得(A) wind and solar power for renewable sources of energy選項A沒有主語，即沒有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。(B) wind and solar power the sources are renewable of energy很明顯，這也不能構(gòu)成一個完整的有意義的句子。(C) wind and solar power are renewable sources of energy這個選項最合適，因為主謂齊全，而且以名詞sources結(jié)尾，讓介詞短語of energy修飾。(D) wind and solar power renewable sources of energy很明顯，這也不能構(gòu)成一個完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。所以，正確答案是C?
例題5(1997年8月考題) Today _____ of the Earth live on a very small percentage of the Earth's land surface.
(A) about two-thirds populated
(B) the population is about two-thirds
(C) about two-thirds of the population
(D) of about two-thirds the population is
首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句子的大意，動詞live應(yīng)該是主句的謂語動詞。空格填入的應(yīng)該是句子的主語，而a very small percentage of修飾限定the Earth's land surface。我們簡化這個句子，得出句子主干_____ live on the Earth's land surface。空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入名詞或者名詞短語。4個選項中，只有C是明顯的名詞短語，代入后也符合句意。選項A中的populated不論是做定語還是謂語都不符合句意。而選項B和D都是帶有助動詞的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)然不能填入只缺主語的句子中。所以，正確答案是C。?
例題6(1997年8月考題) Following the guidelines for speaking and voting established by the book Robert's Rules of Order, _____during meetings.
(A) and avoid large decision-making organizations' procedural confusion
(B) large decision-making organizations avoid procedural confusion
(C) is procedural confusion avoided by large decision-making organizations
(D) are avoiding procedural confusion in large decision-making organizations
首先，我們分析following以后空格以前句子的成分。其中的established by the book Robert's Rules of Order和for speaking and voting都修飾the guideline。所以，我們可以將空格前的成分簡化為followin
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