最新碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語模擬試卷
Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )
In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had 1 that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that 2 variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the 3 are not solely fixed by the genes.
4，the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly 5 instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best 6 the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly 7 they hatch, ducklings fix 8 any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are 9 for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably 10, even ones that have a considerable base 11 by genetics.
Even among the social insects something like imprinting 12 influence social behavior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely 13 instinct. But, in examining a “dance” that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all?purpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally 14 very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or 15 fail to nurture the young. She believes that these females were the youngest or the 16 child of a mother. In such circumstances, they did not have the opportunity to observe how their own mother 17 for her young. Certainly adolescent chimps who are still with their mothers when other young are born take much interest in the rearing of their young brother or sister. They have an excellent opportunity to learn, and the social ties that are created between mother and young 18 Goodall to describe the social unit as a family. The mother?offspring tie is beyond 19;there is some evidence to 20 that ties also continue between siblings of the same sex, that is “brother?brother” and “sister?sister”.
1?A?assumedB?adoptedC?believedD?surmised
2?A?considerateB?consideratedC?considerableD?considering
3?A?statuesB?statusesC?statutesD?statures
4?A?What?s moreB?HenceC?ButD?However
5?A?notB?onlyC?butD?solely
6?A?clarifiesB?classifiesC?definesD?outlines
7?A?thanB?beforeC?whenD?after
8?A?onB?withC?inD?within
9?A?appropriatedB?substitutedC?assignedD?distributed
10?A?variedB?deviatedC?differedD?altered
11?A?fashionedB?modifiedC?influencedD?affected
12?A?mayB?shouldC?mustD?can
13?A?byB?out ofC?fromD?through
14?A?proveB?makeC?turnD?create
15?A?otherwiseB?stillC?yetD?even
16?A?oneB?soleC?singleD?only
17?A?lookedB?attendedC?caredD?provided
18?A?guideB?causeC?directD?lead
19?A?limitationB?imaginationC?doubtD?expectation
20?A?adviseB?hintC?implyD?suggest
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D? Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1?(40 points)
Text 1
New figures from France,Germany and Italy—the three biggest economies in the 12 country Eurozone —suggest the continent’s economic woes may have been exaggerated.In France, evidence emerged that consumer spending remained solid in July and August,rising 1.4%and 0.6%respectively.Forecasters had generally expected the July figure to show a 0.1% slippage,with August unchanged.But the figures were flattered slightly by a down grade to the June figure,to 0.7% from1.5%.
With manufacturing in the doldrums across Europe and the US,consumer spending has been increasingly seen as the best hope of stopping the global economic slowdown from turning into a recession.The French government said the news proved that the economy was holding up to the strain of the slowdown.
Meanwhile in Germany,new regional price figures went someway towards calming fears about inflation in Europe’s largest economy—a key reason for the European Central Bank’s reluctance to cut interest 15 states said consumer prices were broadly stable,with inflation falling year on year.The information backed economists’ expectations that inflation for the country as a whole is set to fall back to a yearly rate of 2.1%,compared to a yearly rate of 2.6% in August,closing in on the Euro?wide target of 2%.The drop is partly due to last year’s spike in oil prices dropping out of the year?on?year calculation.
The icing on the cake was news that Italy’s job market has remained buoyant.The country’s July unemployment rate dropped to 9.4% from 9.6% the month before,its lowest level in more than eight years.And a business confidence survey from quasi?governmental research group ISAE told of a general pick?up in demand in the six weeks to early September.But the news was tempered by an announcement by Alitalia,the country’s biggest airline,that it will have to get rid of 2，500 staff to cope with the expected contraction as well as selling 12 aeroplanes. And industrial group Confindustria warned that the attacks on US targets meant growth will be about 1.9% this year,well short of the government’s 2.4% target. And it said the budget deficit will probably be about 1.5%,nearly twice the 0.8% Italy’s government has promised its European Union partners.
21?We know from the first paragraph that.
A?new figures from the three European countries show the prediction of forecasters is exactly right
B?European economy gets on better than forecasters have predicted
C?all of the forecasters expect the fully figure to show a reduction
D?in three European countries the consumer spending continues to rise
22?The term“in the doldrums”in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A?in the process of rising B?experiencing a sharp turning
C?in the recessionD?rising rapidly
23?Which of the following statements is true according to the text?.
A?The reason for the ECB’s unwilling to cut interest rates is inflation was actually expected to fall in Germany
B?In Germany consumer prices were falling
C?Last year’s oil prices dropping out of the year?on?year calculation directly leads to the drop of inflation
D?The European Central Bank is willing to cut interest rate
24?ln this passage,the word“buoyant” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to the word.
A?depressingB?gloomyC?activeD?calm
25?lndustrial group Confindustria warned that.
A?the attacks on US targets lead to the comparatively lower growth
B?the growth had been well short of the government’s target
C?the budget deficit must be about 1.5%
D?the budget deficit will probably be great different from the country’s promise
Text 2
Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5～8 weeks after
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